Saturday, May 2, 2009

Thinking Together at the Public Defender's Office

My mind is going in number of different directions today. I think of family, of friends, of church, of work, of what I am working on in my heart and mind. It seems to me that I am always working on a problem, or thinking in some certain direction. I don't know anybody else who is like that except my friend Mack, who is our head Public Defender. I don't know for sure. One or both of my children might be that way. Maybe a lot of people are that way.

My father always had a project he was thinking about or working on. His projects were not philosophical or religious, but working on land or buildings.

I think all the time as if I am working on a project. For me, it is about understanding in life, about understanding life, about understanding something above life and in life - God.

Mack and I have this continuous thought process going, and we share it through the week: between court, on the way to court, on the way back from court. The best I can tell we have this compulsion to make sense of things, and we report back to each other about how we are making sense of things. It's not like we decided to be this way; it is how we are.

One day, Mack will say something like: "I realize why the judge took the position he did . . . " And, he will go on to explain his theory on how the judge could have reached the conclusion he did - a conclusion which seemed to have no explanation. Or, the next morning I will go into his office and state some theory about why people act or believe as they do. He will join right in as if we had never stopped our conversation. Thing is, we really don't stop our conversation, because it is an extension of our ongoing thought process which we share now and then. We will be walking in the front door of the justice center talking about religion, and I'll be inveighing against some type of crazy biblical interpretation, and suddenly we are greeted by the court officer and we move into talking about how many inmates are on the docket.

Mack has all kinds of philosophy and theology and political science books, and also, poetry, novels, historical books. He is a much broader reader than I am. He is also a close reader of the Bible and some scholarly works on the Bible. Mack, who one of the wisest and most sane of people I know, basically thinks that most religion and theology is crazy. That is not to say that Mack isn't religious. He is deeply religious in the sense of giving praise to God in the depths of his life, and caring deeply for this creation and the creatures God has made. And, Mack understands the Bible. He understands it so well that he doesn't get too interested in going to any church.

Mack and I talk law one minute, then fall into theology the next, and then a little politics and psychology. We continue trying the make sense of things; we are compelled to. I don't know how I would have gotten through the past fifteen years without my friend, Mack. Our office is a place where you can try to figure things out, be a little out there at times, and find some real support when you need it. Through his decency as the head of our office over the years, Mack has drawn people to work here who care about our clients, care about people in general, and care about each other. Our work place is more in line with the spirit of the Bible than 95% of churches.

Sunday, April 26, 2009

A Question of Identity

One of the great questions for religious people concerns identity, which is really at least a two-fold question: how do I identify with my religious group? and how do I identify with those outside of my religious group? For a radical sect, the answer is "I identify exclusively with those in my religious group." But, for those religious groups that don't identify exclusively with the insiders of their religious group, how is the question of identity answered?

H. R. Niebuhr wrote a book called "Christ and Culture" that proposed five typical answers given within the Christian tradition: 1) Christ against culture (Tertullian); 2) Christ above culture (Aquinas); 3) Christ of culture (Schleiermacher); 4) Christ and culture in paradox (Luther); 5) Christ transforming culture (Calvin). In parentheses, I've put examples of leading theologians of these ways of understanding the relationship between Christ and culture in the Church.

I have always been actively involved in this question since my late teenage years in which I was drawn both to the religious and the secular parts of life, and since I have always felt very close to believers and non-believers, and have always found it natural to speak of faith to those who don't believe - but, I don't mean speaking to try and "change/convert" these people, who were usually good friends.

To make my position clear: I am first a human being, and second a Christian. I am first a member of my family, and second a member of my church. Now, that may sound strange to some, make a lot of sense to others. As Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Christoph Blumhardt said so well: God means for us to be true human beings, and being a Christian is only a means to that end. If there is another way to get there, then praise God for it. The only way I know is to follow Christ.

But, this identity thing. I remember my young adult days, especially in college. I always felt like I wanted to say "shit" or something worse or at least fart to lighten things up when I attended Young Life meetings or Intervarsity meetings when I was young. I was a lot more comfortable in my faith going out for a couple and talking honestly with a friend than going through all of that. And, I don't mean to disparage everybody in Young Life, because I have a couple of old friends who are absolutely wonderful people and great ministers of the Gospel who work for Young Life. Jim Branch and Brett Allen - they are as good as ministers get. But, back on track, what really bothered me in high school and college about these groups was that they conformed so well to the surrounding environment. And, neither group knew shit about the Bible. I could argue them into complete despair within a few minutes when I went to their Bible Studies. For them, life was all happy and wonderful and authorities were fine, and beer and sex were the great evils. Well, not to say that beer and sex can't be really bad, but, then again, they can also be really good - of course, sex would have to be rated a lot higher than beer when its good, and a lot worse than beer when its bad.

The issue that really set me off in college (that was almost 30 years ago) was fraternities and sororities. The fact that Christians participated in all that bullshit that was so anti-Gospel just cranked up my mind and heart. I kept raising this issue about excluding people and faith and several of my friends at Wake Forest quit their fraternities or sororities, and, for the ones who didn't, they stayed with a sense of Christian responsibility. I've got a sermon I preached once that sort of touches on that. I might even put it on this blog. I preached it when my daughter was a freshman in college.

I started out talking about identity, and this has been a determining thing in my life. My Mom and Dad who were Christians would never cut themselves off from non-Christians or from people who were just a little on the wild side of life. I may just blog about Christmas Eve parties at our house when I was growing up. Those parties shaped me as much as any sermon I've ever heard. My parents sheer graciousness and openness and love and deep sense of solidarity with people of all sorts, not just on Christmas eve, but throughout the year - that is the determining factor in my life. That is the faith God has blessed me with. That is how Mom and Dad understood the Gospel, and that's who I am.

And, that leaves me to say: God's grace in Jesus Christ unites me with every damn person on this earth, and more closely with those others would cast out, whether they are Christian or not. That is my faith. That is my identity in Christ. I am so grateful to my Mom and Dad for showing me this by the way they lived, because it is the truth - it is the way of Christ.

Tuesday, April 21, 2009

Reading Karl Barth, thinking about Jews, and wondering about preaching

I started reading Karl Barth’s Dogmatics in Outline in a class at Wake Forest University in 1981. Barth was the Swiss theologian who was “The Theologian” of the Confessing Church of Germany that resisted the Nazis before and during WWII. His theology began as a powerful rediscovery of the transcendent element in Christianity. He saw that Christianity had largely become all about humanity and not about God. He distinguished faith from religion, and with the Bible in hand, launched a devastating attack on the Christianity of his day. Barth felt the earth shaking when he read the Bible and prayed. He got that trembling of the spirit that comes in the presence of the One who questions and we answer, the One who calls into existence things that are not. In a real simple way, it might be said that Karl Barth, right in the middle of intellectual Europe and right in the classroom of great historical theologians and biblical scholars – right in the damn middle of all that cultured, controlled study of religion – he was shaken by the Spirit and was never the same! The words that came from the early Barth are the words of a prophet.

And, Barth was not the kind to just go home and meditate on this experience. No, he, like Luther, was called to preach, and preach he did, and write theology, he did. He was so convinced that cultured, liberal Protestantism had gotten things backwards that he spent much of his remaining life explaining that to the churches. As Barth opposed the rise of Hitler and the Nazi, German nationalist party in the 1930’s, most all of the liberal theologians and scholars went right along with Hitler, many even writing a theology to sanction the Third Reich. Barth and other pastors with him, like Martin Niemoller, heard a Word that came from far above religion and church life; a Word that transcended nations and dictators. And, Barth’s living faith was outraged at the impudence of Hitler. Right in the middle of Berlin, professor Barth gave an address on the radio entitled: “Jesus the Jew.” Barth,as well as Bonhoeffer who took radical action in solidarity with Jews in Germany, spoke of the Hebrew prophets and the Hebrew people as God’s people. Barth used to say that you could not really know Christ without having a deep bond with the Jewish people.

Barth also had some strong criticisms of fundamentalist Christianity (he said they had made a “paper pope” of the Bible, and felt it was just the flip side of the misguided rationalism from the Enlightenment), but seemed to take it less seriously. I think Barth felt that the Bible had enough actual power to withstand fundamentalism, and that the true interpretation of the Bible had enough power to overcome the liberal and conservative perversions of Christianity. It seems that with conservatives, he could at least argue about the Bible. Liberals had it safely tucked away under the lock and key of historical,criticial studies, having a way to explain away any difficulty posed by the Bible.

And, as I am trying to figure out what is the center of church life in a new church situation, I have found my self reading Barth again, starting right at Volume I, Part I of his Church Dogmatics, in which he talks about the Church’s proclamation, the Church’s Bible, and the Church’s Lord. It’s pretty slow reading, but it is like having someone to talk to about things that others just aren’t interested in anymore. Pastors in our day are apparently far beyond me in knowing what the real point of church and faith is. They think the Church has the message perfectly preserved – the truth as clear as day – all that needs doing is a good marketing job! Bullshit! The Church needs to hear the Word of God itself, and be changed by it, and then maybe it can have something to say to the world. Apparently most pastors have the Bible tucked away nice and safely in their four or five sermons they recycle throughout the years (hey, I probably don’t have anymore than that either when it comes down to it! Only difference is I throw the four or five away every four or five years and start over). And, it makes no difference to me whether they are conservative, liberal, fundamentalist. What matters to me is that I can’t seem to find anybody who gets shaken up by reading the Bible, who gets overwhelmed at the mystery of God’s way on earth, who feels like you can only see it for an instant, and then right as it comes into view, you are left with only a vague sense of joy, purpose; but, with a strong yearning to praise – and, an overwhelming humility with other people and indeed, all life on earth. I guess if you explain the faith in that way, not too many people would “join up.” But, then, again who needs joiners. Maybe more people than we think are wanting to experience this deep mystery in life.

Yesterday, I’m pretty sure was a memorial day for the Holocaust. Barth’s real interest was in cleaning up the Church, criticizing and reforming false Christianity. He had no real concern to judge anyone outside the Church. Thinking about the Holocaust, reminds me that the first focus of Christian preaching has to be cleaning up our own house. When it comes down to it, if we “Christians” had gotten the log out of our eye and not been so busy trying to get the speck out of everyone else’s eye – well, maybe we wouldn’t have provided such great religious legitimation and support for the slave trade, the annihilation of Indians, the persecution and murder of so many Jews by “Christian Germany.” All I have ever felt called to as a preacher of the Gospel in the Church was to first clean up our house, so that it might be a fit place to invite everybody into. We are the ones who need to be converted. That’s all the Bible is about. Jesus and Paul don’t go out criticizing “pagans.” They call the religious to conversion, and simply invite the irreligious to come in together with the so-called outcasts. There is a truth at the heart of the Gospel that is very pure and wonderful. But, that truth is in the hands of God. He has not seen fit to give that truth into the hands of human beings – except one human being who is one with the being of God. That is the only one who has born that truth in human flesh. If redemption came through the Church, then many would be left out. Since it comes through the Christ, everyone is let in. That is the Church’s great message. Sometimes, that message gets through as a witness to this grace preaches.

And, for all Christians who want to define the Jews as if they are not God’s chosen people. Please read the Bible! Romans 9-11 might set things straight. Paul shows how much he believes in grace and reconciliation from God in Christ – a reconciliation which will mean the salvation of all Israel with the Gentiles. That’s what it says in the Bible. Any Bible believing churches preaching that? Any “Bible believing churches” in need of conversion – perhaps in worse need of it than those they are trying to convert? God bless the Jews who labored so long and hard in faith, and still do. Thank God for their presence in this world that shows the integrity and goodness of the way of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and the Messiah, Jesus – who, by the way, was Jewish (real circumcision ceremony, real Jewish mother putting the pressure on him to turn water into wine at Jewish wedding, etc.).

Monday, April 20, 2009

The Return of the Prodigal Demon

I have always been shaken by that passage in Luke 11:24-26 where Jesus talks about the man who had an evil spirit cast out, and the evil spirit wanders through the abyss looking for a resting place, but not finding one. Then, the evil spirit thinks to itself: “I will return to my house from which I came.” When it comes, it finds it swept and put in order, so it invites seven other evil spirits, more evil than itself, and they enter and live there. And, the person ends up in a far worse condition than when he was possessed by the first evil spirit.

This tragic tale expresses something tragically true about human life and human efforts to change for the better. And, it may be that Jesus was telling this story to warn against the false religion of his day or against those who say “yes” to God and then turn away. Religion can be false either because its actual teaching is false, or because even though true, the person’s commitment to those beliefs is false or fraudulent. Either way, it is false religion.

In a psychological sense, there are many therapies that make us better for a time, but may leave us worse off than before. And, in a spiritual sense (which is all mixed up with psychology), there are many spiritual teachings and practices that make us better for a time, but may leave us worse off than before.

If you have been abusing drugs, and suddenly you stop, it may be that your inner house is free of drug induced experience, but it also may be true that you are deeply empty inside, and emptiness attracts powers that tend to subject and rule and manipulate. For instance, instead of being controlled by your drug, you may end up being controlled by another person, which probably leads back to the drug, which leads to loss of control and so on and so on.

But, I really had in mind when I started this post the religious quick fix, the false religion, that tastes sweet at first and then leaves us as empty as empty can be. I think a lot of people have had these experiences of religion, and stay away from it because of that. They got rid of one demon through religion, and then later found their inner house re-infested by many demons. Any therapy, whether it be spiritual or psychological, is temporary and possibly harmful in the long run, unless that therapy is part of a genuine personal commitment that lives within the person. Of course, a genuine personal commitment to a false way of life can be just as or even more disastrously fatal. That’s not a very bright way to start this Monday morning, but it’s not a very bright and happy scripture either. Religion is dangerous. History demonstrates that.

Wednesday, April 15, 2009

What I Learned from My Mom

I used to go to church every Sunday with my mother. My father was either on call, or often just worn out on Sunday mornings (he was a family doctor and on call every other night, made house calls,etc.). At a certain point, my sister got to where she didn’t want to go to church. But, I really loved going to Sunday worship with my Mom. My sister was two years older, and I got to a point in high school when I wasn’t as interested either. But, I remember those days in late elementary, middle school, when I went with my Mom and just liked every bit of it. There was a real joy about it.

I can say one thing clearly. My Mom went for two reasons and two reasons only: to praise God, and to love people. And, the love of people clearly came out of the love of God. I found out over the years that was exactly why my Mom went to church. And, when it got to a point where church presented a hindrance to praising God and loving people – well, my Mom just didn’t go to church, but praised God and loved people outside of church. But, even in times when my Mom didn't "go to church," church went with my Mom.

I’ve never lost what I learned from my Mom. It is at the center of who I am. And, when I remember who I am, I carry on this praise and love both inside and outside the church. The important thing is not the inside or outside, but the praise and love. But, somehow, I'm not sure I would have understood that unless I had experienced it inside the church. Those times of going to worship, worshipping and coming home from worship. Those were good times, sacred times for me - and, I think they were for my Mom too.

Tuesday, April 14, 2009

Talking Out Loud to My Self

There are three things I would like to be rid of: A spirit of criticism, a spirit of self-importance, and a spirit of anxiety.

By a spirit of criticism, I mean the thoughts that rise up within me that are in the first instance critical of another, before I really assess the situation and what is going on. Besides, why does it matter whether I approve or disapprove of another?

By a spirit of self-importance, I really mean a way of looking at life that always considers at the center how something reflects on me, makes me look, affects me, and that assumes I have more control over a situation than I do.

By a spirit of anxiety, I mean that unnerving feeling and set of thoughts that keep me from being at peace inside. I guess it's really this spirit of anxiety that gives rise to the spirit of criticism and self-importance. And, it seems like some freedom from that spirit of criticism and self-focus could really lead to some freedom from anxiety.

Along these lines, I was wondering today about the fact that I always feel a certain pressure in about every situation to make sure everyone gets along with everybody else. Who put me in charge of that? That seems to arise out of a spirit of anxiety, a spirit of criticism and a spirit of self-importance. Of course, it is good to hope for peace among people, but can you really achieve it if you are always anxious about it? Can you really enable it if you don't trust it depends on something greater than you?

I've lived for more than 48 years, and this is the first time I have ever asked: "who put me in charge of that?" Now, it may take me the rest of my life to answer that question or I may have just answered it by asking it!

Holy Words from Christoph Blumhardt

The following comes from a sermon preached by Christoph Blumhardt on June 29, 1897 in Germany. The scripture was Matthew 16:13-19, and the sermon title was "The Church of Jesus Christ."*

“How then does this church come into being? Those who have seen Jesus must really stop letting themselves get distracted from the revelation of the Father. . .

“Can God reveal himself in you, my friend? I will tell you when He can do it. It is when you are bent completely, fully, on God as love. Here the roads part. Believe me, I have rarely met a person who wanted this love of God. Does that surprise you? They all want to love, but they want to choose the people they love. They are cool toward or will even persecute with their hatred all those who do not suit them. Naturally everyone wants to love according to his sympathies. Everyone loves his family, her friends, his hobbies. However, it is quite a different matter to want God’s love fully and completely. There is a love that rules in the name of godless humanity; it is the most dangerous thing in the world! The love of the members of one party judges people belonging to the other parties. The love of the members of one church loves only these and condemns all others. The love that is in the world tears God’s love to pieces because it judges.


“Yet there is a love which denies itself, which esteems all people as equals, which respects creation and no longer judges. There is a love which saves, which does away with evil and fights against all evil in order that the evil person may be saved. There is a love which does not want to do away with anybody, so that nothing may be lost, because Jesus is here, because God is the Father of all people. Remember this. Whoever does not want this love, which is God’s love, will not recognize the living God, nor will he receive the revelation.”

*This sermon was printed in "Christoph Blumhardt and His Message," written in 1938 by R. Lejeune (Plough Publishing, reprint, 1963).